for AO with smoking (≥ 20 pack-years) was 3.73 (3.12–4.45), 1.98 (1.73–2.27) for cough, 1.79 (1.55–2.08) for dyspnea, 1.95 (1.70–2.34) for sputum, and 2.59 (2.26–2.97) for wheeze.

One of the hallmarks of being a smoker is the persistent cough that plagues you throughout the year. "You may notice that your persistent cough, feelings of breathlessness or the annoying wheeze ...

it has been unclear whether switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes results in a reduction of the respiratory problems-;like wheezing and coughing-;common in regular cigarette smokers.

Unless you're a smoker, chronic cough has three major ... It also can be tricky to diagnose since the common symptoms of cough, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath also are seen ...

On univariate analysis, smoking history, cough, dyspnea, sputum, and wheeze all were significantly associated with AO ( Table 6). Smoking showed the highest OR for association with COPD at 3.73 ...