Coolie (also spelled koelie, kouli, khuli, khulie, kuli, cooli, cooly, or quli) is a pejorative term used for low-wage labourers, typically those of Indian or Chinese descent. [1][2][3] The word coolie was first used in the 16th century by European traders across Asia.

Nov 25, 2013 · Bahadur's great-grandmother was one of thousands of Indians who would sign indenture contracts with British companies and go to work in the sugar cane fields of the Caribbean. "In India — in the...

Jun 29, 2016 · In South Africa (and parts of the Caribbean and the Pacific islands) the word is laden with history and is a racially pejorative term to refer to an Indian person. Yet, a number of western academics of Indian descent (often living in the West) have used the term coolie as a descriptive term denuded of history and racial value. This includes ...

The European male fantasy of “coolie belles” was fabricated in urban West Indian studios that paid working-class Indo-Caribbean women to dress up as “nautch girls,” Hindu dancers viewed as seductive temptresses by Western travelers to India.

system that ensured the planters control and domination of Asian laborers or “coolie”1 labor in the British colony of British Guiana. Prior to 1838, the institution of slavery provided a labor source on plantations throughout the British West Indies. When slavery was abolished in 1834, the Guiana

THE INTRODUCTION OF EAST INDIAN COOLIES INTO THE BRITISH WEST INDIES URING the past century the racial stock in certain of the West India colonies has undergone a gradual but permanent change. In 1835 the population of British Guiana, Trinidad, and Jamaica was predominantly black, in-terspersed with a small number of white laborers, proprietors,

In 1844 coolie emigration to the West Indies was sanctioned by the Indian Government. Jamaica, Trinidad, and Demerara were permitted to import coolies under the Mauritius rules, slightly modified,—one of the most important difference being that 12 per cent. of the emigrants to the West Indies were to be women.

Bringing indentured emi-grant labor from India, China, and Polynesia to the West Indies, Mauritius, and South America was seen as the solution to this labor shortage. This new trade in the shipment of indentured labor began in 1834 when 41,056 workers sailed from Bengal to …

The abolition of slavery in the early 1830s in the British, French and Dutch colonies of the West Indies/Caribbean led to a severe shortage of labour in the sugarcane plantations. Soon, British-controlled India became a source of abundant cheap labour under a semi-slave contract system known as Indentureship.

Mar 7, 2014 · The elaborate emigration system set up at both ends of the trade, the ‘West Indian’ argued, made it “a sheer impossibility for a single coolie to find himself on board a ship and bound for the British West Indies except by his own free will and consent”; besides, if compared to the conditions of the English labouring classes, the state ...