The Open Door Policy (Chinese: 門戶開放政策) is the United States diplomatic policy established in the late 19th and early 20th century that called for a system of equal trade and investment and to guarantee the territorial integrity of See more

The theory of the Open Door Policy originated with British commercial practice, as reflected in treaties concluded with the Qing dynasty China after the First Opium War (1839–1842) … See more

Scholars such as Christopher Layne in the neorealist school have generalized the use of the term to applications in 'political' open door policies … See more

• Hayford, Charles W. (1996), "The Open Door Raj: Chinese-American Cultural Relations, 1900–1945", in Cohen, Warren (ed.), Pacific … See more

Formation of policy
With its defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), China faced an imminent threat of being partitioned and colonized by imperial … See more

• New Imperialism § China
• Scramble for China
• Russian invasion of Manchuria
• Economic history of China before 1912
• Economic history of China (1912–1949) See more

• Text of the First Open Door Note
• Text of the First and Second Open Door Note
• "Milestones: Secretary of State John Hay and the Open Door Policy in China" (U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian) See more