In 1900, Wilbur Wright wrote, "...my observations of the flight of birds convince me that birds use more positive and energetic methods of regaining equilibrium than that of shifting the center of gravity...they regain … See more

Wing warping was a common feature of early aircraft, including:
• The Albatross (1868)
• The See more

• Aileron
• M. P. W. Boulton, the British inventor (1868) of the aileron
• Elevon – a combination elevator/aileron used on Bleriot's earliest designs and more recently on flying wing and delta wing See more

Several of the reproduction planes built for the film Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines used the wing warping control systems of the original aircraft – with mixed results. The wing warping of the Avro Triplane proved surprisingly successful, … See more

• NASA – interactive diagram of wing warping used on the Wright Flyer
• Centennial of flight – illustration of Wilbur Wright invention of wing warping using a cardboard box
• Aerospaceweb – Origins of Control Surfaces See more